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Sains Malaysiana 54(9)(2025): 2125-2135
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5409-02
Application of Shelter as Feeding Plate with
Different Combination of Diatom Species in the Rearing of Juvenile Sea
Cucumber, Stichopus horrens
(Penggunaan Tempat Perlindungan sebagai Pinggan Suapan dengan Gabungan Berbeza Spesies Diatom dalam Penternakan Juvenil Gamat, Stichopus horrens)
SARI BUDI MORIA SEMBIRING1,
NYOMAN ADIASMARA GIRI1,*, JHON HARIANTO
HUTAPEA1, NI KETUT MAHASETIAWATI1, GUNAWAN GUNAWAN1,
ANANTO SETIADI1
1Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation
Agency (BRIN), Cibinong,
Received: 11 November 2024/Accepted: 4 July
2025
Abstract
The cultivation of Stichopus horrens, a sea
cucumber with high economic value, requires further development. This study
investigates the effect of incorporating shelters that function as feeding
plates on the growth and survival of juvenile sea cucumbers by enhancing food
availability and accessibility. The study was conducted for two months using 12
rectangular polycarbonate tanks in a completely randomized design with four
treatments and three replications. The experiment consisted of the treatments:
(A) feeding plate containing Chaetoceros muelleri and Navicula sp.;
(B) feeding plate containing C. muelleri and Nitzschia sp.;
(C) feeding plate containing C. muelleri, Navicula sp., and Nitzschia sp.;
and (D) no feeding plate, but all three diatom species were added directly to
the rearing tank. Each tank was stocked with 100 juveniles with an average
length and weight of 0.64 ± 0.14 cm and 0.06 ± 0.01 g, respectively. Parameters
observed included growth, survival, grazing on the feeding plate, and digestive
enzyme activity. The growth of juveniles in treatments A and C was higher and
significantly different from treatments B and D (p<0.05). The highest
survival was obtained in treatment C of 67.0 ± 7.02%, significantly different
from treatments B (p < 0.05). The results of the present study indicate that
the growth of sea cucumber juveniles is enhanced under rearing conditions with
the addition of shelters. Furthermore, the presence of Navicula sp. significantly accelerates both growth and survival rates in
juveniles.
Keywords: Biofilms; clear zone; enzyme
activity; growth; survival
Abstrak
Kultivasi Stichopus horrens iaitu gamat yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi memerlukan pembangunan lanjut. Penyelidikan ini mengkaji kesan penggabungan tempat perlindungan yang berfungsi sebagai pinggan suapan ke atas tumbesaran dan kemandirian gamat juvenil dengan meningkatkan ketersediaan dan kebolehcapaian makanan. Penyelidikan telah dijalankan selama dua bulan menggunakan 12 tangki polikarbonat segi empat tepat dalam reka bentuk rawak sepenuhnya dengan empat rawatan dan tiga replikasi. Uji kaji ini terdiri daripada rawatan: (A) pinggan suapan yang mengandungi Chaetoceros muelleri dan Navicula sp.; (B) pinggan suapan yang mengandungi C. muelleri dan Nitzschia sp.; (C) pinggan suapan yang mengandungi C.
muelleri, Navicula sp. dan Nitzschia sp.; serta (D) tiada pinggan suapan, tetapi ketiga-tiga spesies diatom telah ditambah terus ke tangki pemeliharaan. Setiap tangki diisi dengan 100 juvenil dengan purata panjang dan berat masing-masing 0.64 ± 0.14 cm dan 0.06 ± 0.01 g.
Parameter yang diperhatikan termasuk tumbesaran, kemandirian, ragut pinggan suapan dan aktiviti enzim pencernaan. Tumbesaran juvenil dalam rawatan A dan C adalah lebih tinggi dan berbeza secara signifikan daripada rawatan B dan D
(p<0.05). Kemandirian tertinggi diperoleh dalam rawatan C sebanyak 67.0 ± 7.02%, berbeza dengan ketara daripada rawatan B (p < 0.05). Keputusan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa tumbesaran juvenil gamat dipertingkatkan dalam keadaan pemeliharaan dengan penambahan tempat perlindungan. Tambahan pula, kehadiran Navicula sp. dengan ketara mempercepatkan kedua-dua kadar tumbesaran dan kelangsungan hidup juvenil.
Kata kunci: Aktiviti enzim; biofilem; kelangsungan hidup; tumbesaran; zon jelas
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